Findings suggest that small-scale, medium-scale and large-scale maple producers have different perceptions of climate change risks, report different impacts of climate change on maple sap yields, and have different levels of willingness to use adaptation strategies ranging from tapping more trees to adopting new production technologies. Drawing on original survey data from 354 maple producers in Canada and the United States we ask how attitudes towards climate change risks and adaptation strategies differ between smaller-scale and larger-scale producers. Meanwhile, the maple industry itself is in transition: historically, maple sugaring has been a small-scale seasonal activity, but today large producers tap thousands of trees, contributing to a widening gap in production volumes and production practices between small- and large-scale producers. Climate change is a concern for maple producers because maple sugaring is dependent upon climate for both sap sugar content as well as for the specific patterns of freezing and thawing in springtime needed for sap flow. So grow host plants for your native butterflies and moths and help restore nature one garden at a time! For more information, read ' Plant Choice Matters', excerpted from 'Nature's Best Hope' by University of Delaware Professor of Entomology Doug Tallamy.Maple syrup production (“maple sugaring”) is an important cultural and economic activity in eastern Canada and the northeastern United States (U.S.A.).

So if the required native plants are not present in an area, nearly all butterfly and moth species will die out in that area along with much of the other animal life that depends on them.

For example, 96% of terrestrial bird species rely on insects to feed their young, and fat juicy caterpillars are the most important part of that diet. Terrestrial birds, predator/beneficial insects and a large part of the rest of the food chain depend either directly or indirectly on native plant - caterpillar pairs. Native plants and caterpillars are a key foundation of our whole native ecosystem. This is the primary reason why native landscapes support 35x more caterpillar biomass than non-native landscapes. However, 90% of caterpillar species cant get past the chemical and structural defenses of other than a handful of native plants with which they coevolved. Butterflies often have preferences for native nectar sources, but they can usually make do with non-native nectar.

Non-native plants can seldom be host plants for native butterfly or moth species. If a given species of butterfly or moth cant find their particular host plants in an area, it will die out in that area. These plants are called 'host plants' for that species of butterfly or moth. The caterpillars of most butterfly and moth species have evolved to eat the leaves of just a small number of plant species native to their geographic range, sometimes in just one genus of plants.

Northern ca types of maple trees